Exploring the Continuity of Customary Itu Oromo Marriage Practices in the Context of Evolving Cultural Traditions

Abstract

This article aims to explore the continuity of customary marriage practices of the Itu Oromo amid evolving cultural traditions. The study adopted a qualitative research approach, employing in-depth interviews, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions as data collection methods. Empirical data were collected from October 2021 to January 2022, involving 50 participants (male and female) selected through purposive sampling. The collected data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that the Buttaa, Aseennaa, and Dheeraa-Ruudaa are forms of the Itu Oromo marriage tradition. However, except for the Dheeraa-Ruudaa, the other two are informal and conditional. The Dheeraa-Ruudaa, as the formal Itu Oromo customary marriage practice, on which this study focuses, has a lengthy procedure that includes rituals and ceremonies. In this customary marriage, the parents of the prospective couple negotiate, and the boy's parents initiate the engagement between the boy and the girl. Most of the time, the boy's and the girl's parents arrange the engagement without the couple's consent. In looking for a marriage partner for their son, the boy’s parents focus on the girl's parents' characteristics rather than the bride-to-be, in line with the fundamental rule of inter-clan marriage of the Itu Oromo. However, the influence of religion, particularly Islam, is now increasing because it allows intra-clan marriage, and changes in livelihood strategies are also shaping the Itu Oromo customary marriage practices. In conclusion, this study recommends that all concerned stakeholders should work hand in hand to preserve and promote the tradition.