Correlation between Serum Lipid Profile with Anthropometric and Clinical Variables in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: The problem of dyslipidemia is high in patientswith diabetes mellitus. There is ampleevidence thatabnormalities in lipid metabolism are important risk factors forincreased incidence of diabetes associated complications. Themost important risk indicators for these complications are lipidprofile abnormalities. Therefore, the aim of this study was toassess the correlation between serum lipid profile withanthropometric and clinical variables among type 2 diabetesmellitus patients.METHODS: A comparative cross sectional study was conductedat University of Gondar Hospital from February to April in 2015.A total of 296 participants (148 case and 148 healthy controls)were selected using systematic random sampling technique.Socio- demographic characteristics and clinical data werecollected using pretested structured questionnaire incorporatingthe WHO Stepwise approach. Fasting venous blood sample wascollected for blood sugar; lipid profile investigations and theblood levels were determined by Bio Systems A25 ChemistryAnalyzer (Costa Brava, Spain). Independent sample t-test andMan Whitney U test were used to compare means. P-value < 0.05was considered statistically significant.RESULTS: Overall, T2DM patients had significantly higher totalcholesterol([205.4±50.9vs184.9±44.1]mg/dl),lowdensitylipoprotein ([113.1±43.2vs100.1±36.4] mg/dl) and triacylglycerol([189.22± 100.9 vs 115.13±59.2] mg/dl), and significant decline ofhigh density lipoprotein cholesterol ([56.5±20.4vs62.1±13] mg/dl)as compared to healthy controls, respectively. Triacylglycerolemiawas significantly associated with the risk of cardiovasculardisease (AOR: 1.015; 95%CI: 1.010-1.021). Evident correlationwas observed between anthropometric and clinical variables withlipid profile.CONCLUSIONS: Higher serum levels of fasting blood sugar,total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, andtriacylglycerol and lower levels of high density lipoproteincholesterol are found in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Thus,DM patients are more prone to dyslipidemia which is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis andcoronary heart disease.