Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Factors in Southern Ethiopia A Community Based Study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Like in all populations of the world, recently,diabetes became serious health problem in Ethiopian population,as indicated by few community- and institution-based studies. Ashigh as 6.5% diabetes prevalence was reported in Addis Ababawhile 5.1% in urban setting and 2.1% in rural setting of NorthwestEthiopia have been reported. This study aimed to provideadditional data on the magnitude of diabetes and associated riskfactors. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetes inBona District and identify contributing risk factors.METHODS AND MATERIALS: A cross-sectional communitybased survey for diabetes and associated factors was done fromFebruary-June, 2016 on a total of 2670 participants in the agerange of 15-110 years. Participants were recruited to the study byusing a two-stage simple random sampling technique. Data werecollected by using structured questionnaire from consentedparticipants. Data were entered, checked for quality and analyzedusing SPSS for Windows version 20.0. Since the outcome variablewas ordered categorical, we used ordinal regression model toidentify associated factors. There was no multicollinearity amongthe independent variables included in the model. All theindependent variables with p<0.25 during bivariate analysis wereincluded in the multivariate model. The level of significance wasset at P value < 0.05.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of diabetes (1.9%) from oursurvey was so high in rural setting that prevention and controlmechanisms should be designed. The risk factors includeadvanced age (β=1.04(0.57-1.50)), systolic hypertension(β=0.59(0.01-1.18)), high waist circumference (β=0.86(0.34-1.39))and postsecondary education (β=0.87(0.03-1.71)).